State Golf Cart Laws

Registration & Operation of Golf Carts on the roadway

ALABAMA – Golf Cart Operation

32-1-J.1 (81) or 40-12-240(27) Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.

(1) A golf cart is not a vehicle within the definition of sections of above listed sections of the code of Alabama and, therefore, may not be used to traverse the public streets of a municipality.

ALASKA – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
No definition of golf cart found. However, a motor vehicle means a vehicle which is self-propelled except a vehicle moved by human or animal power; an “electric personal motor vehicle” means an electric personal assistive mobility device that is a self-balancing vehicle with two non-tandem wheels, designed to transport only one person, has an electric propulsion system, and has a maximum speed of not more than 15 miles an hour, LSVs are also defined in the same section. Golf cars are likely off-highway vehicles as referenced in the Alaska Administrative Code. (b) Every person operating a snowmobile or other off-highway vehicle upon a highway has the rights and is subject to the duties applicable to the driver of any vehicle under this chapter, and except as to those provisions of this chapter which by their nature have no application. (a) A person driving a snowmobile or other off-highway vehicle may ride only on a permanent seat attached to the vehicle: no snowmobile or other off-highway vehicle, when driven on a highway, may be used to carry persons other than the driver, unless the vehicle is designed and equipped with a seat for a passenger. (a) A snowmobile or an off-highway vehicle may be driven on a roadway or shoulder of a highway only under the following circumstances: (1) when crossing a highway as provided in (f) of this section, or when traversing a bridge or culvert on a highway, but then only by driving at the extreme right-hand edge of the bridge or culvert and only when the traverse can be completed with safety and without interfering with other traffic on the highway; (2) when use of the highway by other motor vehicle is impossible because of snow or ice accumulation or other natural conditions or when the highway is posted or otherwise designated as being open to travel by off-highway vehicles; (3) when highway driving is authorized by an authority having jurisdiction over the highway, but only in accordance with restrictions which may be imposed by that authority with regard to highway use; or (4) when driven on the right-of-way of a highway which is not a controlled access highway, outside the roadway or shoulder, and no closer than three feet from the nearest edge of the roadway; night driving may be only on the right-hand side of the highway and in the same direction as the highway motor vehicle traffic int he nearest lane of the roadway; no person may drive an off-highway vehicle within the area dividing the roadways of a divided highway, except to cross the highway as provided in (f) of this section…(f) A snowmobile or an off-highway vehicle may make a direct crossing of a highway if (1) the crossing is made approximately at a right angle to the highway and at a location where visibility along the highway in both directions is clear for a sufficient distance to assure safety, and the crossing can be completed safely and without interfering with other traffic on the highway; and (2) the vehicle is brought to a complete stop before crossing the shoulder or roadway, and the driver yields the right-of-way to all traffic on the highway. (g) No snowmobile or other off-highway vehicle may cross or travel on a sidewalk, a location intended for pedestrian or other non-motorized traffic, an alley, or a vehicular way or area which is not open to snowmobile or off-highway vehicle operation, except as provided in (f) of this section.

ARIZONA – Golf Cart Operation

Golf carts do not need to be titled or registered providing they are not being driven on public roads. Golf carts–small, four-wheeled vehicles used to travel from one part of a golf course to another–can be driven on public roads. Arizona law treats these carts as motor vehicles, requiring drivers to register them and carry liability insurance. In addition, Arizona limits the use of golf carts to roads with a speed of less than 35 miles per hour to comply with federal standards requiring speed limits on these vehicles. The Arizona DMV requires golf cart owners to register their vehicles. Golf carts must have working headlights, brake lights and a horn. Golf carts are exempt from the Arizona requirement that all motor vehicles must have a windshield.

ARKANSAS – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
(A) It shall be within the municipal affairs and authority of any municipality in the state of Arkansas to authorize, by municipal ordinance , any owner of a golf cart to operate the golf cart upon the city streets of the municipality; provided, however, operation shall not be authorized on the city streets which are also designated as federal or state highways or as a county road. (b) The municipality may authorize the operation of golf carts on city streets only from the owner’s place of residence to the golf course and to return from the golf course to the owner’s residence. (c) When authorized by the municipality to operate on the city streets and limited to the circumstances and provisions of this section, there shall be no motor vehicle registration or license necessary to operate the golf cart on the public street. (d) The term “municipality” as used in this section means any city of the first class, city of the second class, or an incorporated town.

CALIFORNIA – Golf Cart Operation

CVC 345. 21115, 21115.1 and 21716 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

A golf cart is a motor vehicle designed to: Carry no more than two persons, including the driver. Carry golf equipment. Have not less than three wheels in contact with the ground. Operate at a maximum speed of 15 mph. Weigh no more than 1,300 pounds unladen (empty). Registration is not required if you operate your golf cart on a highway designated for such use by ordinance or resolution within one mile of a golf course. You may not operate on roads with speed zones above 25 mph except by ordinance or resolution by a local authority. Modified golf carts- A golf cart cannot converted for registration purpose as a NEV/LSV. If you modify your golf cart to go faster than 15 mph or seat more than two persons, the vehicle is considered a regular motor vehicle and must comply with federal motor vehicle safety standards (FMVSS) for regular passenger vehicles. These standards include additional vehicle equipment, appropriate FMVSS labels, applicable emission standards, and a 17-digit conforming VIN. Failure to comply with all necessary regulations may result in a citation. Equipment requirements for on road use. Your golf cart must comply with certain equipment standards established by the California Highway Patrol (CHP) to be registered for on road use. The equipment requirements are outlined in form CHP 888, motorcycle, motor driven cycle, and motorized bicycle requirements, which is available from your local CHP office or calling (916) 445-1865. If you drive your golf cart on the road it must be equipped with: At least one headlamp, tail-lamp,a stop lamp,a rear reflector, front/rear turn signals, front/side reflectors, a mirror (located in a position to allow the driver a rear view of at least 200 feet), A horn, fenders, safety glazed windshield,and windshield wipers.

COLORADO – Golf Cart Operation

39.5, 42-4-111, 43-2-135 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

As used in articles 1-4 of this title, unless the context otherwise requires: “golf car” means a self propelled vehicle not designated primarily for operation on roadways and that has: (a) A design speed of less than 20MPH; (b) At least three wheels in contact with the ground; (c) An empty weight of not more than 1,300 pounds; and (d) A carrying capacity of not more than four persons. Powers of local authorities. (1) The provisions of this article shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, except those streets and highways which that are parts of the state highway system which that are subject to the provisions of above listed codes, From; ((bb) Authorizing and regulating the operation of golf carts on roadways by resolution or ordinance of the governing body, if the authorization or regulation is consistent with this title and does not authorize: (l) An unlicensed driver of a golf car to carry a passenger who is under 21 years of age; (ll) Operation of a golf car by a person under 14 years of age; or (lll) Operation of a golf car on a state highway.

CONNECTICUT – Golf Cart Operation

Public Act 09-187, Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The DMV does not register golf carts. Effective with the passage of the above listed public act, the traffic authority of a city, town or borough may decide to allow the operation of golf carts on roadways within its jurisdiction that have speed limits of 25MPH or below. You must check with the traffic authority of the city, town, or borough to determine: (1) whether that town permits the operation of golf carts; (2) where in the town they may be operated; and (3) what the town requires prior to permitting their operation. Jurisdictions in which golf carts may be operated may still be in the process of establishing standards and guidelines for this purpose. Minimum requirements for operation will be: The operator of any cart shall carry his or her valid Connecticut motor vehicle operator’s license while operating such golf cart. Operation is limited to daylight hours only. Each golf cart shall be equipped with an operable horn. Each golf cart shall be equipped with a flag that is positioned to assist operators of motor vehicles in observing the location and operation of such a golf cart. No authorization shall be granted for operation on any street or highway where the posted speed limit is more than 25MPH. Any person who operates a golf cart in violation of these requirements, or the violation of any insurance requirement, or any other conditions or limitations established by the local traffic authority shall have committed an infraction.

DELAWARE – Golf Cart Operation

4101,4164 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
A golf cart is a motor vehicle lacking adequate equipment for registration and therefore is not required to be insured prior to registration. Additionally, as an unregistered motor vehicle, a golf cart may operate only on private property and, because of the provisions of 21 Del. C. § 4101 and the initiatives authorized for private property owners by § 4101, operators may be subject to the statutory rules of the road contained in § 4164 as well as Sub-chapters VIII and IX of Title 21. Because a golf cart is inadequately equipped and unable to be registered, it cannot operate on a highway. In view of this prohibition, if a golf cart were to operate on a highway, the rules of the road apply making such operation a violation of the law 23.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA – Golf Cart Operation

351.500 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Mobile equipment defined as equipment which may be driven or is capable of being driven on a roadway, including but not limited to: automobiles, trucks, truck cabs, truck bodies, truck trailers, buses, motorcycles, utility bodies, camper shells, mobile cranes, bulldozers, street cleaners, golf carts, ground support vehicles, used in support of aircraft activities at airports, and farm equipment. We find no other reference to golf cars in the D.C. regulations. Likely not allowed on public streets unless converted to an LSV complying with the above listed codes.

FLORIDA – Golf Cart Operation

316.212 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.

The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

(1) A golf cart may be operated only upon a county road that has been designated by a county, or a municipal street that has been designated by a municipality, for use by golf carts. Prior to making such a designation, the responsible local governmental entity must first determine that golf carts may safely travel on or cross the public road or street, considering factors including the speed, volume, and character of motor vehicle traffic using the road or street. Upon a determination that golf carts may be safely operated on a designated road or street, the responsible governmental entity shall post appropriate signs to indicate that such operation is allowed.
(2) A golf cart may be operated on a part of the State Highway System only under the following conditions:(a) To cross a portion of the State Highway System which intersects a county road or municipal street that has been designated for use by golf carts if the Department of Transportation has reviewed and approved the location and design of the crossing and any traffic control devices needed for safety purposes.(b) To cross, at mid-block, a part of the State Highway System where a golf course is constructed on both sides of the highway if the Department of Transportation has reviewed and approved the location and design of the crossing and any traffic control devices needed for safety purposes.(c) A golf cart may be operated on a state road that has been designated for transfer to a local government unit pursuant to s. 335.0415 if the Department of Transportation determines that the operation of a golf cart within the right-of-way of the road will not impede the safe and efficient flow of motor vehicular traffic. The department may authorize the operation of golf carts on such a road if:1. The road is the only available public road along which golf carts may travel or cross or the road provides the safest travel route among alternative routes available; and2. The speed, volume, and character of motor vehicular traffic using the road is considered in making such a determination.
Upon its determination that golf carts may be operated on a given road, the department shall post appropriate signs on the road to indicate that such operation is allowed.(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a golf cart may be operated for the purpose of crossing a street or highway where a single mobile home park is located on both sides of the street or highway and is divided by that street or highway, provided that the governmental entity having original jurisdiction over such street or highway shall review and approve the location of the crossing and require implementation of any traffic controls needed for safety purposes. This subsection shall apply only to residents or guests of the mobile home park. If notice is posted at the entrance and exit of any mobile home park where residents of the park operate golf carts or electric vehicles within the confines of the park, it is not necessary for the park to have a gate or other device at the entrance and exit in order for such golf carts or electric vehicles to be lawfully operated in the park.(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, if authorized by the Division of Recreation and Parks of the Department of Environmental Protection, a golf cart may be operated on a road that is part of the State Park Road System if the posted speed limit is 35 miles per hour or less.(5) A golf cart may be operated only during the hours between sunrise and sunset, unless the responsible governmental entity has determined that a golf cart may be operated during the hours between sunset and sunrise and the golf cart is equipped with headlights, brake lights, turn signals, and a windshield.(6) A golf cart must be equipped with efficient brakes, reliable steering apparatus, safe tires, a rear-view mirror, and red reflectorized warning devices in both the front and rear.(7) A golf cart may not be operated on public roads or streets by any person under the age of 14.(8) A local governmental entity may enact an ordinance regarding golf cart operation and equipment which is more restrictive than those enumerated in this section. Upon enactment of such ordinance, the local governmental entity shall post appropriate signs or otherwise inform the residents that such an ordinance exists and that it will be enforced within the local government’s jurisdictional territory. An ordinance referred to in this section must apply only to an unlicensed driver. (9) A violation of this section is a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable pursuant to chapter 318 as a moving violation for infractions of subsections (1)-(5) or a local ordinance corresponding thereto and enacted pursuant to subsection (8), or punishable pursuant to chapter 318 as a non-moving violation for infractions of subsection (6), subsection (7), or a local ordinance corresponding thereto and enacted pursuant to subsection (8). (A vehicle titled or branded and registered as a low-speed vehicle may be converted to a golf cart pursuant to the following: 1. The owner of the converted vehicle must contact the regional office of the department to verify the conversion, surrender the registration license plate and the current certificate of title, and pay the appropriate fee established under paragraph (b). 2. The owner of the converted vehicle must provide an affidavit to the department attesting that the vehicle has been modified to comply with the speed restrictions provided in s. 320.01(22) and acknowledging that the vehicle must be operated in accordance with s. 316.212, s. 316.2125, s. 316.2126, or s. 196 316.21265. 3. Upon verification of the conversion, the department shall note in the vehicle record that the low-speed vehicle has been converted to a golf cart and shall cancel the certificate of title and registration of the vehicle. (b) The department shall establish a fee of $40 to cover the cost of verification and associated administrative costs for carrying out its responsibilities under this subsection. (c) The department shall issue a decal reflecting the conversion of the vehicle to a golf cart, upon which is clearly legible the following text: “CONVERTED VEHICLE. Max speed 20 mph.” The decal must be displayed on the rear of the vehicle, so that the decal is plainly visible. Section 2. This act shall take effect July 1, 2013.27

GEORGIA – Golf Cart Operation

40-6-331, 40-1-1 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
“Personal transportation vehicle” means any motor vehicle: (A) With a minimum of four wheels; (B) Capable of a maximum level ground speed of less than 20 miles per hour; (C) With a maximum gross vehicle unladen or empty weight of 1,375 pounds; and (D) Capable of transporting not more than eight persons. The term does not include mobility aids, including power wheelchairs and scooters, that can be used indoors and outdoors for the express purpose of enabling mobility for a person with a disability. The term also does not include any all-terrain vehicle. (a) This part shall have no application to any county or municipality that has enacted prior to January 1, 2012, an ordinance authorizing the operation of motorized carts pursuant to Code listed above. (b) In addition to the requirements contained in paragraph (43.1) of Code Section 40-1-1, all personal transportation vehicles shall have the following equipment: (1) A braking system sufficient for the weight and passenger capacity of the vehicle, including a parking brake; (2) A reverse warning device functional at all times when the directional control is in the reverse position; (3) A main power switch. When the switch is in the “off” position, or the key or other device that activates the switch is removed, the motive power circuit shall be inoperative. If the switch uses a key, it shall be removable only in the “off” position; (4) Head lamps; (5) Reflex reflectors; (6) Tail lamps; (7) A horn; (8) A rear-view mirror; (9) Safety warning labels; and (10) Hip restraints and hand holds.

HAWAII – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
Golf cart are not supposed to be in use on public roads, because they can not legally be registered and issued a license plate, said an official with the state department of transportation’s motor vehicle and safety office. To register a motor vehicle, there must be a certificate label placed on it by the manufacturer, indicating that it complies with all applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards as of the date of manufacture, He explained. Additionally, the label must have a 17-character vehicle identification number on it. “Golf carts and ATV s are manufactured for off-road use”, the DOT official said. “Therefore, if you have one being driven on a public road it is illegal.”

IDAHO – Golf Cart Operation

49-107 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Golf carts . . . operated by persons who by reason of physical disability or who are otherwise unable to move about as pedestrians shall be exempt from registration requirements under the provisions of this chapter. Golf carts are not motor vehicles as defined by code, i.e., “Every vehicle which is self-propelled, and for the purpose of titling and registration meets federal motor vehicle safety standards as defined by the above listed Idaho Code.” Most likely, a golf car is classified as “Specialty off-highway vehicle” which means any vehicle manufactured, designed or constructed exclusively for off- highway operation that does not fit the definition of an all-terrain vehicle, utility type vehicle or motorbike as defined in this section.

ILLINOIS – Golf Cart Operation

12-709,1-123.9 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

Golf cart… A vehicle specifically designed and intended for the purposes of transporting one or more persons, and their golf clubs or maintenance equipment, while engaged in the playing of golf, supervising the play of golf, or maintaining the condition of the grounds on a public or private golf course. Operation of non-highway vehicles on streets, roads, and highways. (a) As used in this Section, “non-highway vehicle” means a motor vehicle not specifically designed to be used on a public highway, including: (2) a golf cart, as defined by the above listed section of the code of Illinois . (b) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, it is unlawful for any person to drive or operate a non-highway vehicle upon any street, highway, or roadway in this State. If the operation of a non-highway vehicle is authorized under subsection (d), the non-highway vehicle may be operated only on streets where the posted speed limit is 35 miles per hour or less. This subsection (b) does not prohibit a non-highway vehicle from crossing a road or street at an intersection where the road or street has a posted speed limit of more than 35 miles per hour. (b-5) A person may not operate a non-highway vehicle upon any street, highway, or roadway in this State unless he or she has a valid driver’s license issued in his or her name by the Secretary of State or by a foreign jurisdiction. (c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c-5), no person operating a non- highway vehicle shall make a direct crossing upon or across any highway under the jurisdiction of the State, toll road, interstate highway, or controlled access highway in this State.(c-5) A person may make a direct crossing at an intersection controlled by a traffic light or 4-way stop sign upon or across a highway under the jurisdiction of the State if the speed limit on the highway is 35 miles per hour or less at the place of crossing. (d) A municipality, township, county, or other unit of local government may authorize, by ordinance or resolution, the operation of non-highway vehicles on roadways under its jurisdiction if the unit of local government determines that the public safety will not be jeopardized. The Department may authorize the operation of non-highway vehicles on the roadways under its jurisdiction if the Department determines that the public safety will not be jeopardized. The unit of local government or the Department may restrict the types of non-highway vehicles that are authorized to be used on its streets. Before permitting the operation of non-highway vehicles on its roadways, a municipality, township, county, other unit of local government, or the Department must consider the volume, speed, and character of traffic on the roadway and determine whether non- highway vehicles may safely travel on or cross the roadway. Upon determining that non- highway vehicles may safely operate on a roadway and the adoption of an ordinance or resolution by a municipality, township, county, or other unit of local government, or authorization by the Department, appropriate signs shall be posted. If a roadway is under the jurisdiction of more than one unit of government, non-highway vehicles may not be operated on the roadway unless each unit of government agrees and takes action as provided in this subsection. (e) No non-highway vehicle may be operated on a roadway unless, at a minimum, it has the following: brakes, a steering apparatus, tires, a rear-view mirror, red reflectorized warning devices in the front and rear, a slow moving emblem (as required refer to code) on the rear of the non-highway vehicle, a headlight that emits a white light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the front, a tail lamp that emits a red light visible from at least 100 feet from the rear, brake lights, and turn signals. When operated on a roadway, a non-highway vehicle shall have its headlight and tail lamps lighted as required by Section 12-201 of above Code. (f) A person who drives or is in actual physical control of a non-highway vehicle on a roadway while under the influence is subject to Sections 11-500 through 11-502 of above Code. (g) Any person who operates a non-highway vehicle on a street, highway, or roadway shall be subject to the mandatory insurance requirements under Article VI of Chapter 7 of above Code. (h) It shall not be unlawful for any person to drive or operate a non-highway vehicle, as defined in paragraphs (1) and (4) of subsection (a) of this Section, on a county roadway or township roadway for the purpose of conducting farming operations to and from the home, farm, farm buildings, and any adjacent or nearby farm land. Non-highway vehicles, as used in this subsection (h), shall not be subject to subsections (e) and (g) of this Section. However, if the non-highway vehicle, as used in this Section, is not covered under a motor vehicle insurance policy pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section, the vehicle must be covered under a farm, home, or non-highway vehicle insurance policy issued with coverage amounts no less than the minimum amounts set for bodily injury or death and for destruction of property under Section 7-203 of above Code. Non-highway vehicles operated on a county or township roadway at any time between one-half hour before sunset and one-half hour after sunrise must be equipped with head lamps and tail lamps, and the head lamps and tail lamps must be lighted. Non-highway vehicles, as used in this subsection (h), shall not make a direct crossing upon or across any tollroad, interstate highway, or controlled access highway in this State. Non-highway vehicles, as used in this subsection (h), shall be allowed to cross a State highway, municipal street, county highway, or road district highway if the operator of the non-highway vehicle makes a direct crossing provided: (1) the crossing is made at an angle of approximately 90 degrees to the direction of the street, road or highway and at a place where no obstruction prevents a quick and safe crossing; (2) the non- highway vehicle is brought to a complete stop before attempting a crossing; (3) the operator of the non-highway vehicle yields the right of way to all pedestrian and vehicular traffic which constitutes a hazard; and 4) that when crossing a divided highway, the crossing is made only at an intersection of the highway with another public street, road, or highway. (i) No action taken by a unit of local government under this Section designates the operation of a non-highway vehicle as an intended or permitted use of property with respect to Section 3-102 of the Local Governmental and Governmental Employees Tort Immunity Act.

INDIANA – Golf Cart Operation

9-21-1-3,9-21-1-3.3, Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
“Golf cart” means a four (4) wheeled motor vehicle originally and specifically designed and intended to transport one (1) or more individuals and golf clubs for the purpose of playing the game of golf on a golf course. Sec. 3.3. (a) A city, county, or a town may adopt by ordinance traffic regulations concerning the use of golf carts on a highway under the jurisdiction of the city, county, or the town. An ordinance adopted under this subsection may not:(1) conflict with or duplicate another state law; or (2) conflict with a driver’s licensing requirement of another provision of the Indiana Code.(b) A fine assessed for a violation of a traffic ordinance adopted by a city, county, or a town under this section shall be deposited into the general fund of the city, county, or town.(c) A person who violates subsection (a) commits a Class C infraction. (c) Notwithstanding subsection (a), an ordinance adopted by a county under this section:(1) may be adopted only after consultation with the sheriff of the county; and (2) may allow an operator of a golf cart to cross a highway in the state highway system, at right angles, in order to travel from one (1) highway under the jurisdiction of the county to another highway under the jurisdiction of the county when the operation can be done safely.(d) When an ordinance adopted by a county under subsection (c) authorizes the operation of a golf cart on a state highway in the state highway system under subsection (c)(2), a violation of the ordinance that is committed on a state highway by the operator of a golf cart is considered to be an ordinance violation. Sec. 0.5. (a) This chapter does not apply to the following: (1) An electric personal assistive mobility device. (2) A low speed vehicle.(3) Except as provided in subsection (b), a golf cart. (b) An ordinance adopted in accordance with above listed ordinance may require a golf cart to display a slow moving vehicle emblem in accordance with section 3 of this chapter or a red or amber flashing lamp in accordance with section 4 of this chapter. A fine assessed for a violation of an ordinance under this section shall be deposited in the general fund of the city, county, or town. (b) An ordinance adopted under IC 9-21-1-3((a)(14) or IC 9-21-1-3.3(a) must require that an individual who operates a golf cart in the city, county, or town hold a driver’s license.

IOWA – Golf Cart Operation

321.247 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

1. Incorporated areas may, upon approval of their governing body, allow the operation of golf carts on city streets by persons possessing a valid driver’s license. However, a golf cart shall not be operated upon a city street which is a primary road extension through the city but shall be allowed to cross a city street which is a primary road extension through the city. (b) The golf carts shall be equipped with a slow moving vehicle sign and a bicycle safety flag and operate on the streets only from sunrise to sunset. (c) Golf carts operated on city streets shall be equipped with adequate brakes and shall meet any other safety requirements imposed by the governing body. 2. Golf carts are not subject to the registration provisions of this chapter. 3. A person who violates subsection 1 commits a simple misdemeanor punishable as a scheduled violation under section 805.8A, subsection 3.41 of the above listed code.

KANSAS – Golf Cart Operation

8-1495,8-15,108 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

“Golf cart” means a motor vehicle that has not less than three wheels in contact with the ground, an unladen weight of not more than 1,800 pounds, or is designed to be, and is operated at not more than 25 mph, and is designed to carry not more than 4 persons including the driver. Operation of golf cart; where; when. (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a golf cart: (1) On any interstate highway, federal highway or state highway; (2) on any public highway or street within the corporate limits of any city unless authorized by such city; or (3) on any street or highway with a posted speed limit greater than 30 mph. (b) The provisions of subsection (a) shall not prohibit a golf cart from crossing a federal or state highway or a street or highway with a posted speed limit in excess of 30 mph. (c) A golf cart shall be operated on any public street or highway only during the hours between sunrise and sunset. (d) This section shall be part of and supplemental to the uniform act regulating traffic on highways.

KENTUCKY – Golf Cart Operation

189-286,189-820, 571.500 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Local government may permit operation of golf cart on public roadway…(1) As used in this section: (a) “Golf cart” means any self-propelled vehicle that: (1) Is designed for the transportation of players or maintaining equipment on a golf course, while engaged in the playing of golf, supervising the play of golf, or maintaining the condition of the grounds on a golf course; (2) Has a minimum of 4 wheels; (3) Is designed to operate at a speed of not more than 35 mph; (4) Is designed to carry not more than 6 persons, including the driver; (5) Has a maximum gross vehicle weight of 2,500 pounds; (6) Has a maximum rated payload capacity of 1,200 pounds; and (7) Meets the federal motor vehicle safety standards for low-speed vehicles set forth in 49 C.F.R. sec. 571.500; and (b) “Local government” means a city, county, charter county government, urban-county government, consolidated local government, unified local government, or special district. (2) The governing body of a local government may authorize and regulate the operation of a golf cart on any public roadway under its jurisdiction if the local government adopts an ordinance specifying each roadway that is open for golf cart use. (3) An ordinance created under subsection 2 of this section shall require that a golf cart operated on a designated public roadway: (a) Be issued a permit for the golf cart by the local government; (b) Display a sticker or permit that identifies that the golf cart is allowed to be operated on specific roadways within the local government; and (c) Be inspected by a certified inspector designated by the county sheriff and certified through the Department of Vehicle Regulation to ensure that the golf cart complies with the requirements of this section. The inspection fee under this paragraph shall not exceed $5.00 with an additional fee not to exceed $10.00 per trip charged if it becomes necessary for the certified inspector to travel to the site of the golf cart rather than having the golf cart brought to the sheriff’s inspection area.
(4) A person may operate a golf cart on a public roadway pursuant to subsection 2 of this section if: (a) The posted speed limit of the designated public roadway is 35 mph or less; (b) The operator of the golf cart does not cross a roadway at an intersection where the roadway being crossed has a posted speed limit of more than 35 mph; (c) The operator has a valid operator’s license in his or her possession; (d) The golf cart is being operated between sunrise and sunset; and (e) The golf cart displays a slow-moving vehicle emblem in compliance with KRS 189.820. (5) A golf cart operating on a public roadway under subsection 2 of this section shall be insured in compliance with KRS 304.39-080 by the owner or operator, and the proof of insurance shall be inside the golf cart at all times of operation on a public roadway. (6) Any person operating a golf cart on a public roadway under the provisions of this section shall be subject to the traffic regulations of KRS Chapter 189. (7) A golf cart operating on a public roadway designated by a local government under subsection 2 of this section is not considered to be a motor vehicle and is exempt from: (a) Title requirements of KRS 186.020; (b) Vehicle registration requirements of KRS 186.050; and (c) Emissions compliance certificates pursuant to KRS 224.20-720. (8) A local government may adopt more stringent local ordinances governing golf cart safety equipment and operation than specified in this section. (9) The Transportation Cabinet may prohibit the operation of a golf cart on a public roadway designated under subsection (2) of this section that crosses a state-maintained highway under its jurisdiction if it determines that such prohibition is necessary in the interest of public safety. (10) The provisions of this section shall not apply to a golf cart that is not used on a public roadway except to cross a roadway while following a golf cart path on a golf course. Slow-moving vehicle emblem or reflective tape required to be Displayed. Regulations for mounting emblem or reflective tape (1) Except as provided in subsection (4) of this section, all slow-moving vehicles sold, leased, or rented in, or for use within, the Commonwealth of Kentucky shall have affixed to them as standard equipment a slow- moving vehicle emblem.(2) Except as provided in subsection (4) of this section, the slow-moving vehicle emblem shall be displayed as herein provided on all slow-moving vehicles operated day or night upon the public roads within the Commonwealth of Kentucky.(3) The slow-moving vehicle emblem shall be mounted as near the center of the rear of the slow-moving vehicle as is practicable, and the lower edge of the emblem shall be mounted at least three (3) feet or more above the road surface, and shall be maintained in a clean, reflective condition.(4) As an alternative to the slow-moving vehicle emblem, 1 inch-wide white or silver reflective tape may be used on motor-less slow-moving vehicles as follows: (a) The rear of the vehicle shall be covered with a minimum of 100 square inches of the reflective tape; (b) The reflective tape on the rear of the vehicle shall, at a minimum, outline the entire rear of the vehicle; (c) Each side of the vehicle shall be covered with a minimum of 36 square inches of reflective tape; and (d) The highest point of the left front of the vehicle shall be covered with a minimum of 24 square inches of reflective tape.

LOUISIANA – Golf Cart Operation

32-127, 32:264 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

(a) Any law to the contrary notwithstanding, golf carts and all-terrain vehicles are authorized to cross Louisiana Highway 1 on marked or designated paths or crossings for such vehicles within the town limits of Grand Isle between sunrise and sunset. (b) A valid driver’s license shall be a prerequisite for operating a golf cart or all- terrain vehicle when crossing Louisiana Highway 1 in the town of Grand Isle. (c) Crossing signs may be posted by the Department of Transportation and Development at the request of the governing authority of the town of Grand Isle. (d) The Department of Transportation and Development, with the consultation and advice of the governing authority of the town of Grand Isle, shall formulate guidelines to determine where such crossing signs shall be placed in accordance with the provisions of this Section.(e) For the purposes of this Section, the provisions of R.S. 32:53(D), R.S. 32:235(C), R.S. 32:261, and Chapter 5 of this Title shall not apply and golf carts and all-terrain vehicles shall not be considered a vehicle for purposes of defining “equipment” as referenced in Part V of Chapter 1 of this Title. (a)Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, upon final approval of the Department of Transportation and Development, golf carts are authorized to cross United States Highway 90 and Louisiana Highway 99 on marked or designated paths or crossings for such vehicles within the town limits of Welsh between sunrise and sunset. The department shall consult with the governing authority of the town of Welsh to determine which intersection or intersections of United States Highway 90 and intersection or intersections of Louisiana Highway 99 within the town limits of Welsh would provide the most convenient and safest location for golf cart crossings.(b) A valid driver’s license shall be a prerequisite for operating a golf cart when crossing United States Highway 90 and Louisiana Highway 99 in the town of Welsh. (c) Crossing signs may be posted by the Department of Transportation and Development at the request of the governing authority of the town of Welsh. (d)The Department of Transportation and Development, with the consultation and advice of the governing authority of the town of Welsh, shall formulate guidelines to determine where such crossing signs shall be placed in accordance with the provisions of this Section. E. For the purposes of this Section, the provisions of R.S. 32:53(D), 235(C), 261, and Chapter 5 of this Title shall not apply, and golf carts shall not be considered a vehicle for purposes of defining “equipment” as referenced in Part V of Chapter 1 of this Title. (a) Notwithstanding any law, rule, or regulation to the contrary, a golf cart may be operated between sunrise and sunset on the roadways within the boundaries of Palmetto Island State Park by any operator who is in possession of a valid driver’s license and liability insurance. (b) For the purposes of this Section, the provisions of R.S. 32:53(D), 261, and Chapter 5 of this Title shall not apply, and golf carts shall not be considered a vehicle for purposes of defining “equipment” as referenced in Part V of Chapter 1 of this Title.

MAINE – Golf Cart Operation

7851, 36-1482 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

“Golf cart” means a motor vehicle that is originally designed and manufactured for operation on a golf course for sporting or recreational purposes and that is not capable of exceeding speeds of 20 miles per hour. A golf cart does not include an ATV as defined in Title 12, section 7851. (2-A) Island vehicles, golf carts and low-speed vehicles. The following provisions apply to vehicles operating on islands that have no public ways maintained or supported by the State. (a) A low-speed vehicle or golf cart may be registered for an annual fee of $4. The registrant must show evidence of payment of the excise tax required by Title 36, section 1482. The municipality may collect an additional $4.00 fee annually to defray the cost of removing abandoned vehicles or golf carts. (b) A low-speed vehicle or golf cart may be operated on an island if the governing body of the municipality allows. A low- speed vehicle or golf cart may be operated only on a road or street where the posted speed limit is 35 mph or less. A low-speed vehicle or golf cart may cross, at an intersection, a road or street with a posted speed limit of more than 35 miles per hour. (c) Any person operating a low-speed vehicle or a golf cart on an island must possess a valid driving license in any class.

MARYLAND – Golf Cart Operation

25-102 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Off-road vehicles are those that you can’t operate on public roadways. Such vehicles include all-terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, golf carts, and go-carts. Generally, you do not need to register these vehicles, nor do you need a license or endorsement to operate any of them. Limited use of golf carts on public streets provided for in at least one local jurisdiction and pending in another. See above listed Maryland code.

MASSACHUSETTS – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Massachusetts laws on golf carts say that golf carts used to carry golf clubs and 4 or fewer people do not need to be registered with the state, as long as people use them only to get from one part of a golf course property to another. Most other motorized vehicles and golf carts that people use for other purposes need state registration. Even though golf carts do not need state registration, Massachusetts laws require that golf cart owners get insurance to cover damages caused by a golf cart accident and any injuries people might get while driving the golf cart. You must register and title all golf carts used on property other than your own through the Massachusetts Division of Environmental Law Enforcement. You’ll need to pay all sales tax due before registration, but you can pay it online to save time and trouble. Gather up the following before you head to the nearest Registration Office: Your receipt. The Bill of Sale. The Manufacturer’s Certificate of Origin if the vehicle is new. The current title signed over to you if you bought used.A completed Registration and Titling Application (RMV-1). The 2-year residential fee to register a golf cart is $40; non-residents will pay $30 for one year.

MICHIGAN – Golf Cart Operation

257.25, 571.500 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
To be “road-ready”, a golf cart must first be electric. Gas-powered golf carts are not allowed on Michigan streets and roads. All golf cart modifications must comply with Michigan MCL 257.25 and federal regulation CFR 571.500, which call for headlights, tail lights, turn signals, four-way flashers, seat belts, horn, windshield and windshield wiper, reflectors, parking brake, and brakes on all four wheels, inside rear- view mirror and outside rear-view mirrors on the left and right sides of the vehicle . The golf cart must also be fitted with an energy-absorbing bumper, bolted, or permanently attached to the front and rear of the vehicle. ‘Road-Ready’ Approval – A TR-54 form must be acquired from a state police office or downloaded from the state of Michigan website. This form is a detailed list of the modifications required, and the form a police officer must sign off on after the golf cart passes inspection. The approved TR-54 form, along with proof of insurance and a valid driver’s license, must be presented at the secretary of state office to receive a temporary plate.

MINNESOTA – Golf Cart Operation

65B.48, 169.522, 169.7056 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Subdivision (1)designation of roadway, permit. The governing body of any county, home rule charter or statutory city, or town may by ordinance authorize the operation of motorized golf carts, all-terrain vehicles, utility task vehicles, or mini trucks, on designated roadways or portions thereof under its jurisdiction. Authorization to operate a motorized golf cart, all-terrain vehicle, utility task vehicle, or mini truck is by permit only. The ordinance shall designate the roadways, prescribe the form of the application for the permit, require evidence of insurance complying with the provisions of section 65B.48, subdivision (5) and may prescribe conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this section, under which a permit may be granted. Permits may be granted for a period not to exceed 3 years, and may be renewed. A permit may be revoked at any time if there is evidence that the permittee cannot safely operate the motorized golf cart, all-terrain vehicle, utility task vehicle, or mini truck on the designated roadways. The ordinance may require, as a condition to obtaining a permit, that the applicant submit a certificate signed by a physician that the applicant is able to safely operate a motorized golf cart, all-terrain vehicle, utility task vehicle, or mini truck on the roadways designated. Subd. (3) Times of operation. Motorized golf carts, all-terrain vehicles, and utility task vehicles may only be operated on designated roadways from sunrise to sunset, unless equipped with original equipment headlights, taillights, and rear-facing brake lights. They shall not be operated in inclement weather, except during emergency conditions as provided in the ordinance, or when visibility is impaired by weather, smoke, fog or other conditions, or at any time when there is insufficient visibility to clearly see persons and vehicles on the roadway at a distance of 500 feet. Subd. (4) Slow-moving vehicle emblem. Motorized golf carts shall display the slow- moving vehicle emblem provided for in section 169.522, when operated on designated roadways. Subd. (5) Crossing intersecting highways. The operator, under permit, of a motorized golf cart, all-terrain vehicle, utility task vehicle, or mini truck may cross any street or highway intersecting a designated roadway. Subd. (6) Application of traffic laws. Every person operating a motorized golf cart, all- terrain vehicle, utility task vehicle, or mini truck under permit on designated roadways has all the rights and duties applicable to the driver of any other vehicle under the provisions of this chapter, except when those provisions cannot reasonably be applied to motorized golf carts, all-terrain vehicles, utility task vehicles, or mini trucks and except as otherwise specifically provided in subdivision (7) Non-application of certain laws. The provisions of chapter 171 are applicable to persons operating mini trucks, but are not applicable to persons operating motorized golf carts, utility task vehicles, or all-terrain vehicles under permit on designated roadways pursuant to this section. Except for the requirements of section 169.7056, the provisions of this chapter relating to equipment on vehicles are not applicable to motorized golf carts, utility task vehicles, or all-terrain vehicles operating, under permit, on designated roadways. Every motor vehicle which is so constructed, loaded or connected with another vehicle as to obstruct the driver’s view to the rear thereof from the driver’s position shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of such vehicle. SLOW-MOVING VEHICLE, SIGN REQUIRED. Subdivision (1) Displaying emblem; rules. (a) All . . . motorized golf carts when operated on designated roadways pursuant to section 169.045, which are designed for operation at a speed of 30 mph or less, must display a triangular slow-moving vehicle emblem, The emblem must consist of a fluorescent or illuminated red-orange triangle with a dark red reflective border and be mounted so as to be visible from a distance of not less than 600 feet to the rear. All slow-moving vehicle emblems sold in this state must be so designed that when properly mounted they are visible from a distance of not less than 600 feet to the rear when directly in front of lawful lower beam of headlamps on a motor vehicle. The commissioner of public safety shall adopt standards and specifications for the design and position of mounting the slow-moving vehicle emblem. Such standards and specifications must be adopted by rule in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act. (b) An alternate slow-moving vehicle emblem consisting of a dull black triangle with a white reflective border may be used after obtaining a permit from the commissioner under rules of the commissioner. A person with a permit to use an alternate slow- moving vehicle emblem must: (1) carry in the vehicle a regular slow-moving vehicle emblem and display the emblem when operating a vehicle between sunset and sunrise, and at any other time when visibility is impaired by weather, smoke, fog, or other conditions; and (2) permanently affix to the rear of the slow-moving vehicle at least 72 square inches of reflective tape that reflects the color red. Subd. (2) Prohibition on use. The use of this emblem is restricted to the slow-moving vehicles specified in subdivision (1) and its use on any other type of vehicle or stationary object on the highway is prohibited. Subd. (3) Display required. No person shall sell, lease, rent, or operate any slow-moving vehicle, as defined in subdivision (1) except motorized golf carts and except those units designed to be completely mounted on a primary power unit, which is manufactured or assembled on or after July 1, 1967, unless the vehicle is equipped with a slow-moving vehicle emblem-mounting device as specified in subdivision (1) Provided however, a slow-moving vehicle must not be operated without such slow-moving vehicle emblem.

MISSISSIPPI – Golf Cart Operation

49 CFR 571.500.59 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:

“Golf cart” means a motor vehicle that is designated and manufactured for operation on a golf course for sporting or recreational purposes, and that is not capable of exceeding speeds of 20 mph, and is equipped with the safety equipment as required under 49 CFR Section 571.500.59 The law is of limited application, i.e., applies only to designated areas in Pass Christian, MS and then only if the operator is traveling the shortest possible travel distance between his or her residence and the nearest other public road or street authorized for use by low-speed vehicles and/or golf carts, cart path or golf course cart path and during daylight hours only.

MISSOURI – Golf Cart Operation

304.034 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Municipalities may regulate golf cart, and motorized wheelchair usage on streets, and highways.(1) Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the governing body of any municipality may by resolution or ordinance allow persons to operate golf carts or motorized wheelchairs upon any street or highway under the governing body’s jurisdiction. A golf cart or motorized wheelchair shall not be operated at any time on any state or federal highway, but may be operated upon such highway in order to cross a portion of the state highway system which intersects a municipal street. No golf cart or motorized wheelchair shall cross any highway at an intersection where the highway being crossed has a posted speed limit of more than 45 mph. (2) Golf carts operated on city streets shall be equipped with adequate brakes and shall meet any other safety requirements imposed by the governing body. Golf carts are not subject to the registration provisions of chapter 301, RSMo.3. As used in this section, a “golf cart” means a motor vehicle that is designed and manufactured for operation on a golf course for sporting or recreational purposes and that is not capable of exceeding speeds of 20 mph.

MONTANA – Golf Cart Operation

61-3-321 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
(1) A person may not operate a golf cart on a public street or highway open to the public unless the operation is specifically authorized by ordinance or regulation passed by the local governing body of the county, city, or town for a public street or highway under its jurisdiction. (2) A person operating a golf cart under this section must have a valid driver’s license. (3) A golf cart may not be operated on a public street or highway when permitted by this section unless it is equipped with: (a) at least 1 and not more than 2 headlamps; (b) at least 1 tail lamp; (c) at least 1 reflector; (d) stop lamps; (e) a horn; and (f) a mirror that reflects to the driver a view of the highway. (4) Except as provided in 61-3-321, a golf cart is exempt from titling, registration, and mandatory liability insurance requirements under this title.

NEBRASKA – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Golf car vehicle means a vehicle that has at least 4 wheels, has a maximum level ground speed of less than 20 mph, has a maximum payload capacity of 1,200 pounds, has a maximum gross vehicle weight of 2,500 pounds, has a maximum passenger capacity of not more than 4 persons, and is designed and manufactured for operation on a golf course for sporting and recreational purposes; A golf car is not included within the definition of a motor vehicle. A city or village may adopt an ordinance authorizing the operation of golf car vehicles within the corporate limits of the city or village if the operation is on streets adjacent and contiguous to a golf course. A county board may adopt a resolution authorizing the operation of golf car vehicles within the county if the operation is on roads adjacent and contiguous to a golf course. Any person operating a golf car vehicle as authorized under this section shall have a valid Class O operator’s license and the owner of the golf car vehicle shall have liability insurance coverage for the golf car vehicle. The Department of Roads may prohibit the operation of golf car vehicles on any highway under its jurisdiction if it determines that the prohibition is necessary in the interest of public safety.

NEVADA – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Golf carts may be operated in residential developments where the appropriate city or county government has approved their use. A DMV permit and insurance are required in certain developments in Clark County where carts are used as general transportation. It is the responsibility of the golf cart owner to know what roads are designated as permissible for the operation of golf carts. Issuance in county whose population is 700,000 or more; conditions under which permit not necessary. In a county whose population is 700,000 or more, a permit for the operation of a golf cart may be issued by the Department if the golf cart is equipped as required by subsection (2) and evidence of insurance as required for the registration of a motor vehicle is submitted when application for the permit is made. A golf cart must have the following equipment: Headlamps; Tail lamps, reflectors, stop lamps and an emblem or placard for slow moving vehicles; A mirror; and Brakes. Each of these items of equipment must meet the standards prescribed for motor vehicles generally. A permit is not required for the operation of a golf cart during daylight, by a person holding a current driver’s license, if the golf cart is: Equipped with an emblem or placard for slow moving vehicles; and Operated solely upon that portion of a highway designated by the appropriate city or county as a: Crossing for golf carts; or Route of access between a golf course and the residence or temporary abode of the owner or operator of the golf cart. Golf carts that require permits must be inspected at a DMV VIN Inspection Station (at Full Service Offices) prior to first-time registration. Permits cost $10.00 per year and expire on December 31st. Golf Cart Permit Application (SP-16) For carts operated on public streets in specific residential developments. You must provide a Nevada Evidence of Insurance card at registration. Renewal notices are mailed in early December each year. You may renew by mail or in person.

NEW HAMPSHIRE – Golf Cart Operation

571.500, 68 Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
The operation of a golf cart upon the public roads or streets of this state is prohibited except as provided herein:
Golf car not defined in motor vehicle code. It is likely a golf car would have to be converted to a “Neighborhood electric vehicle” if it is to be driven on public roads. An NEV shall mean any 4-wheeled electric vehicle that has a maximum speed which is greater than 20 mph but not greater than 25 mph, and which complies with the federal safety standards established in 49 CFR of above listed code.

NEW JERSEY – Golf Cart Operation

Operation of golf carts on certain roadways.
A golf car is presumably a “Motor vehicle”, which includes all vehicles propelled otherwise than by muscular power, excepting such vehicles as run only upon rails or tracks and motorized bicycles. We find no provision under N.J. law for the operation of golf cars on public streets.